The extraction time was fixed in 4 hours, after reaching the boiling temperature around 69 c. Ocimum taxonomy, medicinal potentialities and economic value of essential oil. Biological and pharmacological properties of the sweet basil. It is universally cultivated as herbaceous, perennial plant but originated from asian continent. Phytochemical constituents and phar macological activities. The use of appropriate cultivar of basil ocimum basilicum can. From ancient times, medicinal and aromatic plants have been of great use for curing various diseases and ailments. Effect of methanolic leaf extract of ocimum basilicum l. The herbal database a listing of herbs, spices, and. Erect, branching, green stems to 60 cm support opposite, soft, brightgreen oval leaves, which are slightly crumpledlooking. Despite the medicinal properties that basil has, there are also a number of other uses, such as it is used in foods and beverages and can be. Ocimum basilicum ocimum basilicum health effects and herbal facts. Basil genovese emily ocimum basilicum my garden life.
Ocimum basilicum tincture significantly reduced the total leukocyte count, monocyte percentage, activation of circulating phagocytes, but had a slight inhibitory effect on no synthesis. Basil is the main ingredient of pesto sauce but is also used to flavor other sauces and soups. Within this family, the genus ocimum provides various species, and ocimum basilicum is one of the more than 60 ocimum species. The leaves of plant contain methylchaylcol, linalol, eugenol, thymol and xanthamicrol. Most varieties are treated as annuals but some are perennial in warmer climates. Evaluation of in vitro anticancer activity of ocimum. Names of basil in various languages of the world are also given. The who survey shows that 80% of the populations in the developing countries use herbal medicine for their health needs. Ocimum basilicum lamiaceae is widely distributed in tropical and warm temperate regions. It is also widely regarded for its healthenhancing properties. Basil is a popular herb, and some people use it for medicinal purposes. Basil is used in both ayurvedic and unani system of medicine and is also popular for its culinary and ornamental uses.
Are you aware of the benefits of ocimum gratissimum scent or nchanwu leaf. However, the scenario is once again chang ing in the li ght of environmental and other secondary effects of synthetic products. Antimicrobial activity of various extracts of ocimum. Limebasil is called ocimum americanum, holy basil is called ocimum tenuiflorum, and african basil is called ocimum gratissimum. The development of intensely purple pigmented basil in the ornamental and herb trade prompted this examination of eight commercial varieties of purple basils ocimum basilicum l. Medicinal plant sweet basil ocimum basilicum sweet basil is a common medicinal herb and used in treatment of various diseases from time immemorial.
Introduction plant kingdom presents the richest source of remedies to diverse human ailments. Ocimum basilicum is an erect, muchbranched, perennial, aromatic plant growing 20 80cm tall. Basil is native to tropical regions from central africa to southeast asia. It is an secret, much branched subshrub 3060cm tall, with simple opposite green or purple leaves that are strongly scented, and hairy stems. Impact of ocimum basilicum leaf essential oil on the survival and behaviour of an indian strain of dengue vector, aedes aegypti l. An efficient protocol for in vitro propagation of an aromatic and medicinal herb ocimum basilicum l. Ocimum taxonomy, medicinal potentialities and economic. The essential oil is valued in the international market and widely used in the industries of condiments, cosmetics and medicinal. Its scientific name is ocimum basilicum and is native to tropical regions from africa to southeast asia. It was added 30 g of crushed leaves of basil and 300 ml of water into the flask.
It also works well as a beauty or weight loss treatment. Phytochemical constituents and phar macological activities of. Global journal of frontier research volume xivx i s s v vii y ea r. It is native to the indian subcontinent and widespread as a cultivated plant throughout the southeast asian tropics. The use of ocimum basilicum as medicinal plant could be beneficial for cardiovascular system 32.
Niazboo ocimum basilicum as medicinal plant establishes. Basil has been a staple of medicine for generations and the herb has been used to treat a variety of different conditions, from inflammation to bug bites. Externally, they have been applied for the treatment of acne, loss of smell, insect stings, snake bites and skin infections12. How basil is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. The free radicals are oxidizing agents, having one or more unpaired. It is a tender plant, and is used in cuisines worldwide.
Sweet basil has been used for thousands of years as a culinary and medicinal herb. Pdf biological and pharmacological properties of the. Review article pharmacological activities of ocimum sanctum. Study of pharmacological effect of ocimum basilicum. Data source and references for ocimum basilicum sweet basil.
The use of nchanwu leaf as a herbal medicine has played and continues to play a prominent role in the treatment of certain ailments and diseases. The parts of the plant that grow above the ground are used to make medicine. Health benefits of holy basil tulsi ocimum tenuiflorum. Sweet basil ocimum basilicum is regarded as an environmental weed in western australia and queensland. Sweet basil is a common medicinal herb and used in the treatment of various diseases from time immemorial. Because of multifarious potentialities and fine aroma chemicals, ocimum possesses tremendous medicinal. Iranian basils possess valuable antioxidant properties for culinary and possible medicinal use. The best known species are the strongly aromatic herb ocimum basilicum thai basil and ocimum gratissimum african basil as well as the medicinal herb ocimum tenuiflorum, also known as ocimum sanctum holy basil or tulsi in hindi. The plant is often grown as an annual, especially in cooler climates. The ancient romans and greeks are responsible for making it. Ocimum basilicum sweet basil is related to other similar species. A linear positive relationship existed between the antioxidant activity and total phenolic acids content of the tested basil accessions r 2 0.
Variations in soil type and rainfall may also equate to a difference in the size and form of the. Ocimum basilicum has at least 60 varieties, which further complicates taxonomy. Asthma cosmetic cough emmenagogue fever insectifuge. The health benefits of holy basil tulsi ocimum tenuiflorum. The chemical constituents which have been isolated from the plant include terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponin glycosides and ascorbic acid. The extraction was done in a clevenger apparatus, coupled to a bottom flask of 500 ml. Traditionalmedicinal uses traditionally, basil has been used as a medicinal plant in treatment of headaches, coughs, diarrhea, constipation, warts, worms, and kidney malfunctions. It acts principally on the digestive and nervous systems, easing flatulence, stomach cramps, colic and indigestion.
Traditionally, sweet basil has been used as a medicinal plant in the treatment of headaches, coughs, diarrhea, constipation, warts, worms, and kidney malfunctions. Introduction since the advent of synthetic chemicals, the use of natural products in medicinal and pesticidal applications has reduced. Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and. In vitro clonal propagation of an aromatic medicinal herb. The cytotoxic activity of the pure compounds was performed by mtt assay against breast cancer cell lines mcf7 and mdamb231 and normal breast cell line mcf 10a. Ocimum sanctum or holy basil is an ancient herb popular for its curative properties to treat number of health disorders. Basil herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients. Uses, side effects, interactions, dosage, and warning. Researchers agree that this plant has a huge medicinal values that depend on certain active chemical substances, which have physiological impact on the human body. Antimicrobial activities and phytochemical analysis of the. Pdf ocimum basilicum is a common herb that is known for its ornamental and therapeutic importance. Basil is an aromatic, culinary herb of the family lamiaceae that is also used as a medicinal plant. It is used to tr ea t mental f atigue, ner vous conditions and hyssop for cough.
Basil is used for treating stomach disorders such as intestinal gas, stomach spasms and loss of appetite. The genus ocimum has a number of species that are used to treat different types of disorders and diseases from ancient times. In vitro medicinal studies on ocimum gratissimum leaves usunobun usunomena, uwadiae eseosa department of basic sciences biochemistry unit, faculty of basic and applied sciences, benson idahosa university, p. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of ocimum. The leaves of the plant contain methylchaylcol, linalol, eugenol, thymol and xanthamicrol. Requires a sunny sheltered position if grown outdoors52. Review phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities. Medicinal plant sweet basil ocimum basilicum bimbima. Researchers reveal that basil contains varieties of essential oils that are rich in polyphenolic and phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and anthocyanins. Ocimum tenuiflorum synonym ocimum sanctum, commonly known as holy basil or tulsi, is an aromatic perennial plant in the family lamiaceae. Antioxidative stress the protective effect of essential oils and watersoluble extracts derived from three different cultivars of sweet basil has been evaluated in cultured cardiomyocytes. Promotes healthy heartholy basil contains vitamin c and antioxidants such as eugenol, which protects the heart from the harmful effects of free radicals. Basil ocimum basilicum is an aromatic, culinary, and medicinal herb which originates from asian countries such as india, pakistan, or iran.
Medicinal use of basil wed, 31 jul 2019 ocimum basilicum traditionally basil has been used as a medicinal plant for various ailments, such as headaches, coughs, diarrhea, constipation, warts, worms and kidney malfunction. The taxonomic identification of plant material was. You can use basil as a natural remedy to treat digestive, nervous, or immune problems. Ocimum basilicum, also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family lamiaceae mints. Antibacterial activity of ocimum basilicum essential oil. Abeer hamdan abdullah bahamdan, magda mohammad aly, sameera omer bafeel, antimicrobial activities and phytochemical analysis of the essential oil of ocimum basilicum, collected from jeddah region, saudi arabia, journal of microbiology research, vol. Prefers a rich light welldrained to dry soil1, 27, 238. Basil is an herb also known as sweet basil and it comes from the ocimum basilicum plant in the lamiaceae or labiatae family. Among the aromatic and medicinal plants available to the food industry, basil ocimum basilicum l. Data source and references for ocimum basilicum sweet basil from the usda plants database. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in basil. It is particularly good for reducing depression, stress and anxiety. High frequency bud break and maximum number of axillary shoot formation was induced in the nodal explants on murashige and skoog 1962 medium ms containing n6. The herbal database is dedicated to the tea plant, camellia sinensis, the source of commercial tea.
Here, learn about the possible health benefits and how to add basil to the diet. The present investigation was carried out to study the relationship between presence of cytotoxic compounds in ocimum basilicum, alhagi maurorum, calendula officinalis and their parasite cuscuta campestris. Sweet basil is commonly grown as an aromatic culinary and medicinal herb in warm temperate and tropical climates. Ocimum basilicum sweet basil, common basil, thai basil. A very commonly used herb with a range of culinary and medicinal applications. Jun 18, 2008 the labiatae family is one of the most employed medicinal plants as a worldwide source of spices and also as a consolidated source of extracts with strong antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The leaves can be used fresh or dried for use as a spice. Materials and methods a pot study was conducted to evaluate the salt tolerance of niazboo ocimum basilicum as medicinal plant under different saline and sodic concentrations at green house of land resources. It has at times been treated as a number of distinct species, in particular ocimum suave willd. Basil ocimum basilicum family lamiaceae mints basil is a green or red herb with a unique sweet yet sharp taste, its subtle liquorice flavour is earthy, full, and fresh. Medicinal use of basil ocimum basilicum click to cure. It is a multipurpose medicinal herb commonly used in folk medicines to treat different diseases like upper respiratory tract infections, diarrhea, headaches, eye problems, skin disease, pneumonia, coughs, fevers, and conjunctivitis5. United states, dc, washington, usda ars national arboretum.
There are many varieties and related species or species hybrids also called basil. The juice extracted from fresh leaves is folk medicine to treat respiratory disorders, fever, ear pain, etc. Tradition has it that basil was found growing around christs tomb after the resurrection, and consequently, some greek orthodox churches use it to prepare holy water and pots of basil are set below church altars. Ocimum basilicum, phytochemical study, pharmacological investigations 1. On the basis of various experimental and clinical researches, the following pharmacological activities or medicinal properties of os have been reported. Ocimum sanctum and ocimum basillicum mucilage as a. Ocimum tenuiflorum also known as ocimum sanctum, tulsi. Aug 12, 2018 medicinal plant sweet basil ocimum basilicum sweet basil is a common medicinal herb and used in treatment of various diseases from time immemorial. Some medical plants have been used for a wide variety of purposes such as food preservation, pharmaceutical, alternative medicine, and natural.
The economic importance and global dissemination of basil, with its many uses in cooking and folk medicine, make it important to investigate its pharmacological and. Native to tropical environments spanning the globe, its often used as a food seasoning in a variety of cuisines. Phytochemicals, phenolic content, antioxidant, free radical scavenging and antimicrobial potentials. Many medicinal and aromatic plants, including basil, are typically. Native to india, iran and tropical asia, the herb has been used the world over since ancient times as a culinary herb, a healing herb, an herb for tea and for worship. Basil, also called ocimum basilicum or saint josephs wort, is a common, leafy green herb that is part of the mint family. The lamiaceae family, which includes basil, sage, and thyme, has long been recognized as a rich source of diverse and unique anthocyanins. Basil ocimum sanctum is used in ayurvedic medicine as a remedy for headaches, cough and common colds. Many products from natural sources like plant exudates, gums, mucilage, and starches are utilized for preparation of pharmaceutical dosage forms like tablets. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the. Ocimum basilicum, commonly called basil, is a native of africa and asia. Pots can be brought indoors for the winter and placed near a sunny window for harvesting through the cold months. In this paper, we evaluated genotoxic, oxidative, and antiinflammatory parameters from the extract of ocimum basilicum. Chemical composition and antibacterial properties of ocimum.
Basil is commonly used for stomach problems such as spasms, loss of appetite. In vitro medicinal studies on ocimum gratissimum leaves. Annual herbs can be planted in the garden in spring. Basil also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family lamiaceae mints. Ocimum, named basil, is another member of the lamiaceae family, known as an aromatic and medicinal plant that has been used traditionally in the treatment of headaches, coughs, constipation, warts, worms and kidney malfunctions 1,22. Sweet basil is commonly grown as an aromatic culinary and medicinal herb. Eugenol also proves useful in reducing cholesterol levels in the blood. The medicinal value of this herb is recognised by ayurveda. Ocimum gratissimum is a variable, polymorphic species with many forms. The anticancer activity of os has been proved and cited by several investigators8 11. Pdf impact of ocimum basilicum leaf essential oil on the. Abstract among the aromatic herbs, basil ocimum basilicum l has economic importance in brazil, and its consumption both in nature is used for industrial processing. Antimicrobial activity of various extracts of ocimum basilicum l. This proportion of medicinal plants is the highest known in any other country 6.
Basil is antibacterial in nature thus acts as an insect repellents. Pdf biological and pharmacological properties of the sweet. The juice extracted from fresh leaves is folk medicine to treat respiratory disorders, fever, ear pain etc. This species is very commonly cultivated in gardens as a culinary herb, and numerous cultivars and varieties are available. It is also thought to be an antispasmodic, stomachache, carminative, stimulant and insect repellent. Ocimum basilicum is a common herb that is known for its ornamental and therapeutic importance. Benefits of ocimum gratissimum scent or nchanwu or efirin leaf researchers show that the nchanwu extracts exhibit antifungal activities on all the fungi tested. Basil tea is good for digestion, to expel gases, stomac h cr amps, constipa tion, diar rhoea and v omiting. The leaves and flowering tops are antispasmodic, aromatic, carminative, digestive, galactogogue, stomachic and tonic. Basil ocimum basilicum is a popular kitchen herb used for flavouring food.
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